diff --git a/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelper.java b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelper.java
index e85c33d6d..40e7c5804 100644
--- a/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelper.java
+++ b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelper.java
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.PolicyHelper.RequiresAuthori
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.Authorization;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.PolicyDecision;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.PolicyIface;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.Actions;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.ifaces.RequestedAction;
 
 /**
@@ -37,6 +38,25 @@ import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.ifaces.RequestedAct
 public class PolicyHelper {
 	private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(PolicyHelper.class);
 
+	/**
+	 * Are the actions that this servlet requires authorized for the current
+	 * user by the current policies?
+	 */
+	public static boolean isAuthorizedForActions(HttpServletRequest req,
+			Actions actions) {
+		PolicyIface policy = ServletPolicyList.getPolicies(req);
+		IdentifierBundle ids = RequestIdentifiers.getIdBundleForRequest(req);
+		return Actions.notNull(actions).isAuthorized(policy, ids);
+	}
+
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Obsolete ????????
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	
 	/**
 	 * A subclass of VitroHttpServlet may be annotated to say what actions
 	 * should be checked for authorization before permitting the user to view
@@ -73,18 +93,6 @@ public class PolicyHelper {
 		Or[] or() default @Or();
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Does this servlet require authorization?
-	 */
-	public static boolean isServletRestricted(HttpServlet servlet) {
-		Class<? extends HttpServlet> servletClass = servlet.getClass();
-		try {
-			return !ActionClauses.forServletClass(servletClass).isEmpty();
-		} catch (PolicyHelperException e) {
-			return true;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/**
 	 * Are the actions that this servlet requires authorized for the current
 	 * user by the current policies?
@@ -108,20 +116,6 @@ public class PolicyHelper {
 		}
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Are these action classes authorized for the current user by the current
-	 * policies?
-	 */
-	public static boolean isAuthorizedForActions(HttpServletRequest req,
-			Collection<Class<? extends RequestedAction>> actionClasses) {
-		try {
-			return isAuthorizedForActionClauses(req, new ActionClauses(
-					actionClasses));
-		} catch (PolicyHelperException e) {
-			return false;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/**
 	 * Is this action class authorized for the current user by the current
 	 * policies?
diff --git a/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/requestedAction/Actions.java b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/requestedAction/Actions.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..79dc01271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/requestedAction/Actions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/* $This file is distributed under the terms of the license in /doc/license.txt$ */
+
+package edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
+import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
+
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.identifier.IdentifierBundle;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.Authorization;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.PolicyDecision;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.PolicyIface;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.ifaces.RequestedAction;
+
+/**
+ * An immutable list of OR and AND relationships for the required
+ * authorizations. A group of AND relationships is a "clause", and the list of
+ * clauses are in an OR relationship.
+ * 
+ * Authorization is successful if ALL of the actions in ANY of the clauses are
+ * authorized, or if there are NO clauses.
+ */
+public class Actions {
+	private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Actions.class);
+
+	public static Actions notNull(Actions actions) {
+		return (actions == null) ? new Actions() : actions;
+	}
+
+	private final List<Set<RequestedAction>> clauseList;
+
+	public Actions(RequestedAction... actions) {
+		this(Arrays.asList(actions));
+	}
+
+	public Actions(Collection<RequestedAction> actions) {
+		this(Collections.<Set<RequestedAction>> emptyList(), actions);
+	}
+
+	private Actions(List<Set<RequestedAction>> oldList,
+			Collection<RequestedAction> newActions) {
+		List<Set<RequestedAction>> newList = new ArrayList<Set<RequestedAction>>();
+		newList.addAll(oldList);
+
+		Set<RequestedAction> newActionSet = new HashSet<RequestedAction>(
+				newActions);
+		if (!newActionSet.isEmpty()) {
+			newList.add(Collections.unmodifiableSet(newActionSet));
+		}
+		this.clauseList = Collections.unmodifiableList(newList);
+	}
+
+	public Actions or(RequestedAction... newActions) {
+		return or(Arrays.asList(newActions));
+	}
+	
+	public Actions or(Collection<RequestedAction> newActions) {
+		return new Actions(this.clauseList, newActions);
+	}
+
+	public boolean isEmpty() {
+		for (Set<RequestedAction> clause : clauseList) {
+			if (!clause.isEmpty()) {
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/** No clauses means everything is authorized */
+	public boolean isAuthorized(PolicyIface policy, IdentifierBundle ids) {
+		return clauseList.isEmpty() || isAuthorizedForClauseList(policy, ids);
+	}
+
+	/** Any entire clause is good enough. */
+	private boolean isAuthorizedForClauseList(PolicyIface policy,
+			IdentifierBundle ids) {
+		for (Set<RequestedAction> clause : clauseList) {
+			if (isAuthorizedForClause(policy, ids, clause)) {
+				return true;
+			}
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/** All actions in a clause must be authorized. */
+	private static boolean isAuthorizedForClause(PolicyIface policy,
+			IdentifierBundle ids, Set<RequestedAction> clause) {
+		for (RequestedAction action : clause) {
+			if (!isAuthorizedForAction(policy, ids, action)) {
+				log.debug("not authorized");
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/** Is this action authorized? */
+	private static boolean isAuthorizedForAction(PolicyIface policy,
+			IdentifierBundle ids, RequestedAction action) {
+		PolicyDecision decision = policy.isAuthorized(ids, action);
+		log.debug("decision for '" + action.getClass().getName() + "' was: "
+				+ decision);
+		return (decision != null)
+				&& (decision.getAuthorized() == Authorization.AUTHORIZED);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/controller/VitroHttpServlet.java b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/controller/VitroHttpServlet.java
index c62ab7f4b..a8e4e349c 100644
--- a/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/controller/VitroHttpServlet.java
+++ b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/controller/VitroHttpServlet.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vedit.beans.LoginStatusBean;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.PolicyHelper;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.Actions;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.beans.DisplayMessage;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.controller.authenticate.LogoutRedirector;
 
@@ -40,15 +41,9 @@ public class VitroHttpServlet extends HttpServlet {
 	public final static String HTML_MIMETYPE = "text/html";
 
 	public final static String RDFXML_MIMETYPE = "application/rdf+xml";
-	public final static String N3_MIMETYPE = "text/n3"; // unofficial and
-														// unregistered
-	public final static String TTL_MIMETYPE = "text/turtle"; // unofficial and
-																// unregistered
+	public final static String N3_MIMETYPE = "text/n3"; // unofficial and unregistered
+	public final static String TTL_MIMETYPE = "text/turtle"; // unofficial and unregistered
 
-	/**
-	 * Check that any required authorizations are satisfied before processing
-	 * the request.
-	 */
 	@Override
 	public final void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp)
 			throws ServletException, IOException {
@@ -61,22 +56,6 @@ public class VitroHttpServlet extends HttpServlet {
 				dumpRequestHeaders(hreq);
 			}
 
-			// Record restricted pages so we won't return to them on logout
-			if (PolicyHelper.isServletRestricted(this)) {
-				LogoutRedirector.recordRestrictedPageUri(hreq);
-			}
-
-			// If the user isn't authorized for this servlet, don't show it.
-			if (!PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForServlet(hreq, this)) {
-				if (LoginStatusBean.getBean(hreq).isLoggedIn()) {
-					redirectToInsufficientAuthorizationPage(hreq, hresp);
-					return;
-				} else {
-					redirectToLoginPage(hreq, hresp);
-					return;
-				}
-			}
-			
 			// check to see if VitroRequestPrep filter was run
 			if (hreq.getAttribute("appBean") == null
 					|| hreq.getAttribute("webappDaoFactory") == null) {
@@ -114,6 +93,36 @@ public class VitroHttpServlet extends HttpServlet {
 		doGet(request, response);
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Don't display a page that the user isn't authorized to see.
+	 * 
+	 * @param actions
+	 *            the RequestedActions that need to be authorized.
+	 */
+	protected boolean isAuthorizedToDisplayPage(HttpServletRequest request,
+			HttpServletResponse response, Actions actions) {
+		// Record restricted pages so we won't return to them on logout
+		LogoutRedirector.recordRestrictedPageUri(request);
+
+		if (PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(request, actions)) {
+			log.debug("Servlet '" + this.getClass().getSimpleName()
+					+ "' is authorized for actions: " + actions);
+			return true;
+		}
+		
+		log.debug("Servlet '" + this.getClass().getSimpleName()
+				+ "' is not authorized for actions: " + actions);
+
+		LoginStatusBean statusBean = LoginStatusBean.getBean(request);
+		if (statusBean.isLoggedIn()) {
+			redirectToInsufficientAuthorizationPage(request, response);
+			return false;
+		} else {
+			redirectToLoginPage(request, response);
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
 	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 	// static utility methods for all Vitro servlets
 	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/web/jsptags/RequiresAuthorizationFor.java b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/web/jsptags/RequiresAuthorizationFor.java
index 34cba764f..95218443b 100644
--- a/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/web/jsptags/RequiresAuthorizationFor.java
+++ b/webapp/src/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/web/jsptags/RequiresAuthorizationFor.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vedit.beans.LoginStatusBean;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.PolicyHelper;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.Actions;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.ifaces.RequestedAction;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.controller.VitroHttpServlet;
 
@@ -60,7 +61,8 @@ public class RequiresAuthorizationFor extends BodyTagSupport {
 		if (classes == null) {
 			return false;
 		}
-		return PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(getRequest(), classes);
+		Set<RequestedAction> actionSet = getInstancesFromClasses(classes);
+		return PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(getRequest(), new Actions(actionSet));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ public class RequiresAuthorizationFor extends BodyTagSupport {
 		return SKIP_PAGE;
 	}
 
-	private int redirectToLoginPage() throws JspException {
+	private int redirectToLoginPage() {
 		VitroHttpServlet.redirectToLoginPage(getRequest(), getResponse());
 		return SKIP_PAGE;
 	}
diff --git a/webapp/test/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelperTest.java b/webapp/test/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelperTest.java
index d068de151..8a00fceeb 100644
--- a/webapp/test/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelperTest.java
+++ b/webapp/test/edu/cornell/mannlib/vitro/webapp/auth/policy/PolicyHelperTest.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.PolicyHelper.RequiresAuthori
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.Authorization;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.PolicyDecision;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.policy.ifaces.PolicyIface;
+import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.Actions;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.auth.requestedAction.ifaces.RequestedAction;
 import edu.cornell.mannlib.vitro.webapp.controller.VitroHttpServlet;
 
@@ -49,6 +50,73 @@ public class PolicyHelperTest extends AbstractTestClass {
 		req.setSession(session);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void authorizedForActionsNull() {
+		createPolicy();
+		assertEquals("null actions", true,
+				PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(req, null));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void authorizedForActionsEmpty() {
+		createPolicy();
+		assertEquals("empty actions", true,
+				PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(req, new Actions()));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void authorizedForActionsOneClausePass() {
+		createPolicy(new Action1(), new Action2());
+		assertEquals("one clause pass", true,
+				PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(req, new Actions(
+						new Action1(), new Action2())));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void authorizedForActionsOneClauseFail() {
+		createPolicy(new Action2());
+		assertEquals("one clause fail", false,
+				PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(req, new Actions(
+						new Action1(), new Action2())));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void authorizedForActionsMultipleClausesPass() {
+		createPolicy(new Action3());
+		assertEquals("multiple clauses pass", true,
+				PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(req, new Actions(
+						new Action1(), new Action2()).or(new Action3())));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void authorizedForActionsMultipleClausesFail() {
+		createPolicy(new Action1());
+		assertEquals("multiple clauses fail", false,
+				PolicyHelper.isAuthorizedForActions(req, new Actions(
+						new Action1(), new Action2()).or(new Action3())));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * <pre>
+	 * actions is null, 
+	 * actions is empty
+	 * actions has one clause with multiple actions
+	 * 	   all pass
+	 *     some pass
+	 * action has multiple clauses
+	 *     one passes
+	 *     none pass (but partial passes)
+	 * </pre>
+	 */
+
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Obsolete???
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 	@Test
 	public void noAnnotation() {
 		createPolicy();