diff --git a/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/AddRDFInternetFile.html b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/AddRDFInternetFile.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..34f0186d --- /dev/null +++ b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/AddRDFInternetFile.html @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ + + + + + + +AddRDFInternetFile + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
AddRDFInternetFile
commentAdd RDF file from an Internet location
deleteAllVisibleCookies
open/vivo/
assertTitleVIVO
commentMust not be logged on
clickAndWaitlink=Log in
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentMust log in as site admin
typeusernametestAdmin
typepasswordPassword
clickAndWaitloginSubmitMode
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentSelect Add/Remove RDF data option from Site Admin page
clickAndWaitlink=Add/Remove RDF data
assertTitleIngest RDF Data
commentSelect RDF file to be added
typerdfUrlhttp://www.geonames.org/ontology/ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf
clickmakeClassgroups
clickAndWait//input[@name='submit' and @value='submit']
pause25000
assertTitleIngest RDF Data
commentVerify add was successful
verifyTextPresentAdded RDF from http://www.geonames.org/ontology/ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf. Added 3663 statements.
commentLog out
clickAndWaitlink=Log out
assertTitleVIVO
+ + diff --git a/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/AddRDFLocalFile.html b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/AddRDFLocalFile.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e54efa05 --- /dev/null +++ b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/AddRDFLocalFile.html @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ + + + + + + +AddRDFLocalFile + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
AddRDFLocalFile
commentAdd RDF file from local machine
deleteAllVisibleCookies
open/vivo/
assertTitleVIVO
commentMust not be logged on
clickAndWaitlink=Log in
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentMust log in as site admin
typeusernametestAdmin
typepasswordPassword
clickAndWaitloginSubmitMode
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentSelect Add/Remove RDF data option from Site Admin page
clickAndWaitlink=Add/Remove RDF data
assertTitleIngest RDF Data
commentSelect RDF file to be added
typerdfStreamC:\vivo-code\vivo-rc1.0\utilities\acceptance-tests\suites\ProcessRDF\ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf
clickmakeClassgroups
clickAndWait//input[@name='submit' and @value='submit']
pause25000
assertTitleIngest RDF Data
commentVerify add was successful
verifyTextPresentAdded RDF from file ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf. Added 3663 statements.
commentLog out
clickAndWaitlink=Log out
assertTitleVIVO
+ + diff --git a/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/DeleteRDFInternetFile.html b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/DeleteRDFInternetFile.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8e448e94 --- /dev/null +++ b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/DeleteRDFInternetFile.html @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + + + + +DeleteRDFInternetFile + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DeleteRDFInternetFile
commentDelete Internet RDF file
deleteAllVisibleCookies
open/vivo/
assertTitleVIVO
commentMust not be logged in already
clickAndWaitlink=Log in
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentMust log in as site admin
typeusernametestAdmin
typepasswordPassword
clickAndWaitloginSubmitMode
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentSelect Add/Remove RDF data option from Site Admin page
clickAndWaitlink=Add/Remove RDF data
assertTitleIngest RDF Data
commentIndicate which RDF file should be deleted
typerdfUrlhttp://www.geonames.org/ontology/ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf
click//input[@name='mode' and @value='remove']
clickAndWait//input[@name='submit' and @value='submit']
pause25000
commentVerify RDF file was deleted
verifyTextPresentRemoved RDF from http://www.geonames.org/ontology/ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf. Removed 3632 statements.
commentLog out
clickAndWaitlink=Log out
assertTitleVIVO
+ + diff --git a/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/DeleteRDFLocalFile.html b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/DeleteRDFLocalFile.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8c767dae --- /dev/null +++ b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/DeleteRDFLocalFile.html @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ + + + + + + +DeleteRDFLocalFile + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DeleteRDFLocalFile
commentDelete Internet RDF file
deleteAllVisibleCookies
open/vivo/
assertTitleVIVO
commentMust not be logged in already
clickAndWaitlink=Log in
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentMust log in as site admin
typeusernametestAdmin
typepasswordPassword
clickAndWaitloginSubmitMode
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentSelect Add/Remove RDF data option from Site Admin page
clickAndWaitlink=Add/Remove RDF data
assertTitleIngest RDF Data
commentIndicate which RDF file should be deleted
typerdfStreamC:\vivo-code\vivo-rc1.0\utilities\acceptance-tests\suites\ProcessRDF\ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf
click//input[@name='mode' and @value='remove']
clickAndWait//input[@name='submit' and @value='submit']
pause25000
assertTitleIngest RDF Data
commentVerify RDF file was deleted
verifyTextPresentRemoved RDF from file ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf. Removed 3632 statements.
commentLog out
clickAndWaitlink=Log out
assertTitleVIVO
+ + diff --git a/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/ExportRDFFile.html b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/ExportRDFFile.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a3544167 --- /dev/null +++ b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/ExportRDFFile.html @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ + + + + + + +ExportRDFFile + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ExportRDFFile
commentExport RDF data
deleteAllVisibleCookies
open/vivo/
assertTitleVIVO
commentMust not be logged in already
clickAndWaitlink=Log in
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentMust log in as site admin
typeusernametestAdmin
typepasswordPassword
clickAndWaitloginSubmitMode
assertTitleVIVO Site Administration
commentGo to RDF export option on Site Admin page
clickAndWaitlink=RDF export
assertTitle
click//input[@name='subgraph' and @value='tbox']
clicksubgraph
click//input[@name='assertedOrInferred' and @value='inferred']
clickassertedOrInferred
selectformatlabel=RDF/XML
clickAndWait//input[@name='submit' and @value='Export']
assertTitle
commentVerify RDF data was creted
commentHow can I check this?
commentGo back to VIVO
open/vivo/
assertTitleVIVO
commentLog out
clickAndWaitlink=Log out
assertTitleVIVO
+ + diff --git a/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/Suite.html b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/Suite.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4c84bae0 --- /dev/null +++ b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/Suite.html @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ + + + + + + Test Suite + + + + + + + + + +
Test Suite
AddRDFInternetFile
DeleteRDFInternetFile
AddRDFLocalFile
DeleteRDFLocalFile
ExportRDFFile
+ + diff --git a/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b178ec27 --- /dev/null +++ b/utilities/acceptance-tests/suites/ProcessRDFData/ontology_v2.0_Lite.rdf @@ -0,0 +1,4438 @@ + + + + + + + +]> + + + + + Version 2.0 Lite - 2007-04-02 + + + + + A class of features. + Class + + + + + A feature code. + Code + + + + + A country as defined at http://www.geonames.org/countries + Country + + + + A geographical object uniquely defined by its geonames id. + Feature + + + + + A Web page displaying a map + Map + + + + + A Document containing RDF description of one or several features. + RDF Data + + + + + A Wikipedia article + Wikipedia Article + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An alternate name for a feature + + alternate name + + + + The preferred name of the feature. + + name + + + + A name in an official local language + official name + + + + + + population + + + + + postal code + + + + + + + + Links to an RDF document containing the descriptions of children features + + children features + + + + + The main category of the feature, as defined in geonames taxonomy. + + feature class + + + + + + Type of the feature, as defined in geonames taxonomy. + + feature code + + + + + + A country in the ISO country list + + country + + + + + Indicates that the subject resource is located in the object feature + located in + + + + + A geonames map centered on the feature. + + map + + + + + A feature close to the reference feature + + nearby + + + + + Links to an RDF document containing the descriptions of nearby features + + nearby features + + + + + A feature sharing a common boarder with the reference feature + + neighbour + + + + + Links to an RDF document containing the descriptions of neighbouring features. Applies when the feature has definite boarders. + + neighbouring features + + + + + + A feature parent of the current one, in either administrative or physical subdivision. + + parent feature + + + + + Classification of a feature against a Concept, either defined by its URI taken from any Concept Scheme, or by a blank node description. + + tag + + + + + + A Wikipedia article of which subject is the resource. + + wikipedia article + + + + + + + + + country, state, region ... + + + + a primary administrative division of a country, such as a state in the United States + + first-order administrative division + + + + a subdivision of a first-order administrative division + + second-order administrative division + + + + a subdivision of a second-order administrative division + + third-order administrative division + + + + a subdivision of a third-order administrative division + + fourth-order administrative division + + + + an administrative division of a country, undifferentiated as to administrative level + + administrative division + + + + a tract of land leased by the United Kingdom from the People's Republic of China to form part of Hong Kong + + leased area + + + + + political entity + + + + + dependent political entity + + + + + freely associated state + + + + + independent political entity + + + + + section of independent political entity + + + + + semi-independent political entity + + + + an ecclesiastical district + + parish + + + + + + territory + + + + + zone + + + + a zone recognized as a buffer between two nations in which military presence is minimal or absent + + buffer zone + + + + stream, lake, ... + + + + a place on a waterbody where floatplanes land and take off + + seaplane landing area + + + + an area where vessels may anchor + + anchorage + + + + + a coastal indentation between two capes or headlands, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf + + bay + + + + coastal indentations between two capes or headlands, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf + + bays + + + + an open body of water forming a slight recession in a coastline + + bight(s) + + + + an elevation, typically located on a shelf, over which the depth of water is relatively shallow but sufficient for most surface navigation + + bank(s) + + + + a sloping margin of a stream channel which normally confines the stream to its channel on land + + stream bank + + + + + section of bank + + + + + a wetland characterized by peat forming sphagnum moss, sedge, and other acid-water plants + + bog(s) + + + + a dome-shaped mass of glacial ice covering an area of mountain summits or other high lands; smaller than an ice sheet + + icecap + + + + the deepest part of a stream, bay, lagoon, or strait, through which the main current flows + + channel + + + + that part of a lake having water deep enough for navigation between islands, shoals, etc. + + lake channel(s) + + + + that part of a body of water deep enough for navigation through an area otherwise not suitable + + marine channel + + + + a buoyed channel of sufficient depth for the safe navigation of vessels + + navigation channel + + + + a place where two or more streams or intermittent streams flow together + + confluence + + + + + an artificial watercourse + + canal + + + + + a conduit used to carry water + + aqueduct + + + + a conspicuously curved or bent section of a canal + + canal bend + + + + an artificial waterway carrying water away from a wetland or from drainage ditches + + drainage canal + + + + + a canal which serves as a main conduit for irrigation water + + irrigation canal + + + + a watercourse constructed for navigation of vessels + + navigation canal(s) + + + + + abandoned canal + + + + a gently inclined underground tunnel bringing water for irrigation from aquifers + + underground irrigation canal(s) + + + + + section of canal + + + + + a small coastal indentation, smaller than a bay + + cove(s) + + + + a meandering channel in a coastal wetland subject to bi-directional tidal currents + + tidal creek(s) + + + + + a horizontal flow of water in a given direction with uniform velocity + + current + + + + a channel formed as a result of a stream cutting through a meander neck + + cutoff + + + + a waterway between two piers, or cut into the land for the berthing of ships + + dock(s) + + + + a part of a harbor where ships dock + + docking basin + + + + a comparatively elevated area on an icecap + + icecap dome + + + + a comparatively depressed area on an icecap + + icecap depression + + + + + a small artificial watercourse dug for draining or irrigating the land + + ditch + + + + a ditch which serves to drain the land + + drainage ditch + + + + a ditch which serves to distribute irrigation water + + irrigation ditch + + + + an area where a drainage ditch enters a lagoon, lake or bay + + ditch mouth(s) + + + + + a funnel-shaped stream mouth or embayment where fresh water mixes with sea water under tidal influences + + estuary + + + + a fishing ground, bank or area where fishermen go to catch fish + + fishing area + + + + a long, narrow, steep-walled, deep-water arm of the sea at high latitudes, usually along mountainous coasts + + fjord + + + + long, narrow, steep-walled, deep-water arms of the sea at high latitudes, usually along mountainous coasts + + fjords + + + + a perpendicular or very steep descent of the water of a stream + + waterfall(s) + + + + + section of waterfall(s) + + + + a relatively level area of mud either between high and low tide lines, or subject to flooding + + mud flat(s) + + + + a large flat area of mud or sand attached to the shore and alternately covered and uncovered by the tide + + tidal flat(s) + + + + a mass of ice, usually at high latitudes or high elevations, with sufficient thickness to flow away from the source area in lobes, tongues, or masses + + glacier(s) + + + + + a large recess in the coastline, larger than a bay + + gulf + + + + a type of hot spring with intermittent eruptions of jets of hot water and steam + + geyser + + + + a haven or space of deep water so sheltered by the adjacent land as to afford a safe anchorage for ships + + harbor(s) + + + + + section of harbor + + + + a narrow waterway extending into the land, or connecting a bay or lagoon with a larger body of water + + inlet + + + + an inlet which has been filled in, or blocked by deposits + + former inlet + + + + a dried up or drained area of a former lake + + lake bed(s) + + + + + a shallow coastal waterbody, completely or partly separated from a larger body of water by a barrier island, coral reef or other depositional feature + + lagoon + + + + shallow coastal waterbodies, completely or partly separated from a larger body of water by a barrier island, coral reef or other depositional feature + + lagoons + + + + + section of lagoon + + + + + a large inland body of standing water + + lake + + + + a lake in a crater or caldera + + crater lake + + + + + intermittent lake + + + + an inland body of salt water with no outlet + + salt lake + + + + + intermittent salt lake + + + + a crescent-shaped lake commonly found adjacent to meandering streams + + oxbow lake + + + + + intermittent oxbow lake + + + + large inland bodies of standing water + + lakes + + + + a standing body of water in a cave + + underground lake + + + + lakes in a crater or caldera + + crater lakes + + + + + intermittent lakes + + + + inland bodies of salt water with no outlet + + salt lakes + + + + + intermittent salt lakes + + + + + section of lake + + + + diked salt ponds used in the production of solar evaporated salt + + salt evaporation ponds + + + + + a tropical tidal mud flat characterized by mangrove vegetation + + mangrove swamp + + + + an area of open ground overlaid with wet peaty soils + + moor(s) + + + + a wetland dominated by grass-like vegetation + + marsh(es) + + + + + a flat area, subject to periodic salt water inundation, dominated by grassy salt-tolerant plants + + salt marsh + + + + a navigable narrow part of a bay, strait, river, etc. + + narrows + + + + + one of the major divisions of the vast expanse of salt water covering part of the earth + + ocean + + + + an area of breaking waves caused by the meeting of currents or by waves moving against the current + + overfalls + + + + + a small standing waterbody + + pond + + + + + intermittent pond + + + + a small standing body of salt water often in a marsh or swamp, usually along a seacoast + + salt pond + + + + + intermittent salt pond(s) + + + + small standing waterbodies + + ponds + + + + ponds or enclosures in which fish are kept or raised + + fishponds + + + + + intermittent ponds + + + + small standing bodies of salt water often in a marsh or swamp, usually along a seacoast + + salt ponds + + + + a small and comparatively still, deep part of a larger body of water such as a stream or harbor; or a small body of standing water + + pool(s) + + + + + intermittent pool + + + + a straight section of a navigable stream or channel between two bends + + reach + + + + a linear elevation on an icecap + + icecap ridge + + + + + an open anchorage affording less protection than a harbor + + roadstead + + + + a surface-navigation hazard composed of consolidated material + + reef(s) + + + + a surface-navigation hazard composed of coral + + coral reef(s) + + + + + section of reef + + + + a turbulent section of a stream associated with a steep, irregular stream bed + + rapids + + + + an artificial pond or lake + + reservoir(s) + + + + + intermittent reservoir + + + + a contained pool or tank of water at, below, or above ground level + + water tank + + + + a small, narrow, deep, steep-sided stream channel, smaller than a gorge + + ravine(s) + + + + a salt flat or salt encrusted plain subject to periodic inundation from flooding or high tides + + sabkha(s) + + + + + a long arm of the sea forming a channel between the mainland and an island or islands; or connecting two larger bodies of water + + sound + + + + + a large body of salt water more or less confined by continuous land or chains of islands forming a subdivision of an ocean + + sea + + + + a surface-navigation hazard composed of unconsolidated material + + shoal(s) + + + + the low part of an underwater gap or saddle separating basins, including a similar feature at the mouth of a fjord + + sill + + + + a place where ground water flows naturally out of the ground + + spring(s) + + + + a place where sulphur ground water flows naturally out of the ground + + sulphur spring(s) + + + + a place where hot ground water flows naturally out of the ground + + hot spring(s) + + + + a body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land + + stream + + + + a diverging branch flowing out of a main stream and rejoining it downstream + + anabranch + + + + a conspicuously curved or bent segment of a stream + + stream bend + + + + a stream that has been substantially ditched, diked, or straightened + + canalized stream + + + + a branch which flows away from the main stream, as in a delta or irrigation canal + + distributary(-ies) + + + + the source and upper part of a stream, including the upper drainage basin + + headwaters + + + + + intermittent stream + + + + + section of intermittent stream + + + + a place where a stream discharges into a lagoon, lake, or the sea + + stream mouth(s) + + + + a former stream or distributary no longer carrying flowing water, but still evident due to lakes, wetland, topographic or vegetation patterns + + abandoned watercourse + + + + bodies of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land + + streams + + + + a surface stream that disappears into an underground channel, or dries up in an arid area + + lost river + + + + + section of stream + + + + a relatively narrow waterway, usually narrower and less extensive than a sound, connecting two larger bodies of water + + strait + + + + + a wetland dominated by tree vegetation + + swamp + + + + + a network of ditches and one or more of the following elements: water supply, reservoir, canal, pump, well, drain, etc. + + irrigation system + + + + a tunnel through which a canal passes + + canal tunnel + + + + a valley or ravine, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season becomes a watercourse; found primarily in North Africa and the Middle East + + wadi + + + + a conspicuously curved or bent segment of a wadi + + wadi bend + + + + a place where two or more wadies join + + wadi junction + + + + the lower terminus of a wadi where it widens into an adjoining floodplain, depression, or waterbody + + wadi mouth + + + + valleys or ravines, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season become watercourses; found primarily in North Africa and the Middle East + + wadies + + + + + section of wadi + + + + a turbulent, rotating movement of water in a stream + + whirlpool + + + + + a cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface + + well + + + + + abandoned well + + + + cylindrical holes, pits, or tunnels drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface + + wells + + + + + an area subject to inundation, usually characterized by bog, marsh, or swamp vegetation + + wetland + + + + + intermittent wetland + + + + + a natural, well-defined channel produced by flowing water, or an artificial channel designed to carry flowing water + + watercourse + + + + a natural hole, hollow, or small depression that contains water, used by man and animals, especially in arid areas + + waterhole(s) + + + + parks,area, ... + + + + a tract of land set aside for agricultural settlement + + agricultural colony + + + + a tract of land without homogeneous character or boundaries + + area + + + + an area drained by a stream + + drainage basin + + + + an area underlain by an oil-rich structural basin + + petroleum basin + + + + a site of a land battle of historical importance + + battlefield + + + + an area in a forest with trees removed + + clearing + + + + a park or pasture for community use + + common + + + + a lease of land by a government for economic development, e.g., mining, forestry + + concession area + + + + a region in which coal deposits of possible economic value occur + + coalfield + + + + + + continent : Europe, Africa, Oceania, North America, South America, Oceania,Antarctica + + + + + a zone of variable width straddling the shoreline + + coast + + + + a place where a number of businesses are located + + business center + + + + a tract of land on which many houses of similar design are built according to a development plan + + housing development + + + + an open as opposed to wooded area + + field(s) + + + + a tract of level or terraced land which is irrigated + + irrigated field(s) + + + + an area containing a subterranean store of natural gas of economic value + + gasfield + + + + an area of grasses and shrubs used for grazing + + grazing area + + + + an area covered with gravel + + gravel area + + + + + an area characterized by industrial activity + + industrial area + + + + a tract of land in the Arctic + + arctic land + + + + a minor area or place of unspecified or mixed character and indefinite boundaries + + locality + + + + a place used by an army or other armed service for storing arms and supplies, and for accommodating and training troops, a base from which operations can be initiated + + military base + + + + an area of mine sites where minerals and ores are extracted + + mining area + + + + a tract of land where military field exercises are carried out + + maneuver area + + + + an area used to store supplies, provide barracks for troops and naval personnel, a port for naval vessels, and from which operations are initiated + + naval base + + + + an area in a desert made productive by the availability of water + + oasis(-es) + + + + an area containing a subterranean store of petroleum of economic value + + oilfield + + + + an area where peat is harvested + + peat cutting area + + + + an area, often of forested land, maintained as a place of beauty, or for recreation + + park + + + + a place provided with terminal and transfer facilities for loading and discharging waterborne cargo or passengers, usually located in a harbor + + port + + + + an area where loose sand with water moving through it may become unstable when heavy objects are placed at the surface, causing them to sink + + quicksand + + + + + republic + + + + + a tract of public land reserved for future use or restricted as to use + + reserve + + + + a tract of land reserved for agricultural reclamation and/or development + + agricultural reserve + + + + + a forested area set aside for preservation or controlled use + + forest reserve + + + + + a tract of land used primarily for hunting + + hunting reserve + + + + + an area reserved for the maintenance of a natural habitat + + nature reserve + + + + an area of palm trees where use is controlled + + palm tree reserve + + + + a tract of land set aside for aboriginal, tribal, or native populations + + reservation + + + + a tract of public land reserved for the preservation of wildlife + + wildlife reserve + + + + + an area distinguished by one or more observable physical or cultural characteristics + + region + + + + + a region of a country established for economic development or for statistical purposes + + economic region + + + + a tract of land distinguished by numerous lakes + + lake region + + + + a tract of land used for artillery firing practice + + artillery range + + + + a shallow basin or flat where salt accumulates after periodic inundation + + salt area + + + + an area of permanent snow and ice forming the accumulation area of a glacier + + snowfield + + + + a tract of land used by nomadic or other tribes + + tribal area + + + + + master source holdings list + + + + city, village,... + + + + a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work + + populated place + + + + seat of a first-order administrative division (PPLC takes precedence over PPLA) + + seat of a first-order administrative division + + + + + capital of a political entity + + + + + seat of government of a political entity + + + + an area similar to a locality but with a small group of dwellings or other buildings + + populated locality + + + + + abandoned populated place + + + + a populated place whose population is largely engaged in religious occupations + + religious populated place + + + + cities, towns, villages, or other agglomerations of buildings where people live and work + + populated places + + + + a village, town or city destroyed by a natural disaster, or by war + + destroyed populated place + + + + + section of populated place + + + + + israeli settlement + + + + road, railroad, ... + + + + a raised roadway across wet ground or shallow water + + causeway + + + + a causeway no longer used for transportation + + former causeway + + + + + a pipeline used for transporting oil + + oil pipeline + + + + a place for public walking, usually along a beach front + + promenade + + + + a place where boats, goods, etc., are carried overland between navigable waters + + portage + + + + + an open way with improved surface for transportation of animals, people and vehicles + + road + + + + the remains of a road used by ancient cultures + + ancient road + + + + a conspicuously curved or bent section of a road + + road bend + + + + an excavation cut through a hill or ridge for a road + + road cut + + + + a place where two or more roads join + + road junction + + + + a place where two or more railroad tracks join + + railroad junction + + + + a permanent twin steel-rail track on which freight and passenger cars move long distances + + railroad + + + + + abandoned railroad + + + + the route taken by caravans + + caravan route + + + + a system of tracks used for the making up of trains, and switching and storing freight cars + + railroad yard + + + + a paved urban thoroughfare + + street + + + + a route taken by livestock herds + + stock route + + + + + a subterranean passageway for transportation + + tunnel + + + + a cave that is open at both ends + + natural tunnel + + + + a tunnel through which a road passes + + road tunnel + + + + a tunnel through which a railroad passes + + railroad tunnel + + + + subterranean passageways for transportation + + tunnels + + + + a path, track, or route used by pedestrians, animals, or off-road vehicles + + trail + + + + spot, building, farm, ... + + + + a government building + + administrative facility + + + + a building and/or tract of land used for improving agriculture + + agricultural facility + + + + an area used to store supplies, provide barracks for air force personnel, hangars and runways for aircraft, and from which operations are initiated + + airbase + + + + a place on land where aircraft land and take off; no facilities provided for the commercial handling of passengers and cargo + + airfield + + + + a place where helicopters land and take off + + heliport + + + + + a place where aircraft regularly land and take off, with runways, navigational aids, and major facilities for the commercial handling of passengers and cargo + + airport + + + + + abandoned airfield + + + + an oval or circular structure with rising tiers of seats about a stage or open space + + amphitheater + + + + a place where archeological remains, old structures, or cultural artifacts are located + + ancient site + + + + a natural or man-made structure in the form of an arch + + arch + + + + a point on the earth whose position has been determined by observations of celestial bodies + + astronomical station + + + + a facility where the insane are cared for and protected + + asylum + + + + a tract of land used for playing team sports, and athletic track and field events + + athletic field + + + + a fixed artificial navigation mark + + beacon + + + + + a structure erected across an obstacle such as a stream, road, etc., in order to carry roads, railroads, and pedestrians across + + bridge + + + + a destroyed or decayed bridge which is no longer functional + + ruined bridge + + + + a structure built for permanent use, as a house, factory, etc. + + building(s) + + + + a fixture marking a point along a boundary + + boundary marker + + + + a building for lodging military personnel + + barracks + + + + a structure erected to break the force of waves at the entrance to a harbor or port + + breakwater + + + + a facility for baling agricultural products + + baling station + + + + a waterside facility for servicing, repairing, and building small vessels + + boatyard + + + + a cave used for human burials + + burial cave(s) + + + + a heap of stones erected as a landmark or for other purposes + + cairn + + + + an underground passageway or chamber, or cavity on the side of a cliff + + cave(s) + + + + + a building for public Christian worship + + church + + + + a site occupied by tents, huts, or other shelters for temporary use + + camp(s) + + + + a camp used by loggers + + logging camp + + + + a camp used by migrant or temporary laborers + + labor camp + + + + a camp used by miners + + mining camp + + + + a camp used by oilfield workers + + oil camp + + + + + abandoned camp + + + + a camp used by refugees + + refugee camp + + + + a burial place or ground + + cemetery + + + + a facility, including buildings, antennae, towers and electronic equipment for receiving and transmitting information + + communication center + + + + a pen or enclosure for confining or capturing animals + + corral(s) + + + + a building used for entertainment, especially gambling + + casino + + + + a large fortified building or set of buildings + + castle + + + + a building in a port where customs and duties are paid, and where vessels are entered and cleared + + customs house + + + + a building in which courts of law are held + + courthouse + + + + a facility where atomic research is carried out + + atomic center + + + + a facility for community recreation and other activities + + community center + + + + a place where more than one facility is situated + + facility center + + + + a complex of health care buildings including two or more of the following: hospital, medical school, clinic, pharmacy, doctor's offices, etc. + + medical center + + + + a facility where more than one religious activity is carried out, e.g., retreat, school, monastery, worship + + religious center + + + + a facility for launching, tracking, or controlling satellites and space vehicles + + space center + + + + a building where a community of nuns lives in seclusion + + convent + + + + + a barrier constructed across a stream to impound water + + dam + + + + a destroyed or decayed dam which is no longer functional + + ruined dam + + + + a dam put down to bedrock in a sand river + + sub-surface dam + + + + a facility for the processing, sale and distribution of milk or milk products + + dairy + + + + a dock providing support for a vessel, and means for removing the water so that the bottom of the vessel can be exposed + + dry dock + + + + a facility for servicing, building, or repairing ships + + dockyard + + + + an earth or stone embankment usually constructed for flood or stream control + + dike + + + + an area where fuel is stored + + fuel depot + + + + a large commercialized agricultural landholding with associated buildings and other facilities + + estate(s) + + + + an estate that specializes in the growing of bananas + + banana plantation + + + + an estate specializing in the cultivation of cotton + + cotton plantation + + + + an estate specializing in the cultivation of oil palm trees + + oil palm plantation + + + + an estate which specializes in growing and tapping rubber trees + + rubber plantation + + + + an estate that specializes in growing sugar cane + + sugar plantation + + + + an estate that specializes in growing sisal + + sisal plantation + + + + an estate which specializes in growing tea bushes + + tea plantation + + + + + section of estate + + + + a building or buildings housing a center, institute, foundation, hospital, prison, mission, courthouse, etc. + + facility + + + + a building or works where metal casting is carried out + + foundry + + + + + a tract of land with associated buildings devoted to agriculture + + farm + + + + + abandoned farm + + + + tracts of land with associated buildings devoted to agriculture + + farms + + + + the buildings and adjacent service areas of a farm + + farmstead + + + + a defensive structure or earthworks + + fort + + + + a boat or other floating conveyance and terminal facilities regularly used to transport people and vehicles across a waterbody + + ferry + + + + a controlled access entrance or exit + + gate + + + + an enclosure for displaying selected plant or animal life + + garden(s) + + + + a house used to provide lodging for paying guests + + guest house + + + + a facility for separating gas from oil + + gas-oil separator plant + + + + a burial site + + grave + + + + a secluded residence, usually for religious sects + + hermitage + + + + a place where caravans stop for rest + + halting place + + + + a building used as a human habitation + + house(s) + + + + a large house, mansion, or chateau, on a large estate + + country house + + + + + a building in which sick or injured, especially those confined to bed, are medically treated + + hospital + + + + a medical facility associated with a hospital for outpatients + + clinic + + + + a building where medical or dental aid is dispensed + + dispensary + + + + an asylum or hospital for lepers + + leprosarium + + + + + a place of historical importance + + historical site + + + + a building providing lodging and/or meals for the public + + hotel + + + + a small primitive house + + hut + + + + small primitive houses + + huts + + + + a facility for use of and control by armed forces + + military installation + + + + a facility where research is carried out + + research institute + + + + a structure built out into the water at a river mouth or harbor entrance to regulate currents and silting + + jetty + + + + a place where boats receive or discharge passengers and freight, but lacking most port facilities + + landing + + + + a settled area inhabited by lepers in relative isolation + + leper colony + + + + a basin in a waterway with gates at each end by means of which vessels are passed from one water level to another + + lock(s) + + + + a distinctive structure exhibiting a major navigation light + + lighthouse + + + + + a harbor facility for small boats, yachts, etc. + + marina + + + + one or more buildings where goods are manufactured, processed or fabricated + + factory + + + + one or more buildings where beer is brewed + + brewery + + + + a building where food items are canned + + cannery + + + + a facility for processing copper ore + + copper works + + + + a furnace in which limestone is reduced to lime + + limekiln + + + + a factory where ammunition is made + + munitions plant + + + + a facility for producing fertilizer + + phosphate works + + + + + + abandoned factory + + + + a facility for converting raw sugar into refined sugar + + sugar refinery + + + + + a place where goods are bought and sold at regular intervals + + market + + + + a building housing machines for transforming, shaping, finishing, grinding, or extracting products + + mill(s) + + + + a facility for improving the metal content of ore by concentration + + ore treatment plant + + + + a mill where oil is extracted from olives + + olive oil mill + + + + a facility where sugar cane is processed into raw sugar + + sugar mill + + + + a sugar mill no longer used as a sugar mill + + former sugar mill + + + + a mill where logs or lumber are sawn to specified shapes and sizes + + sawmill + + + + + a mill or water pump powered by wind + + windmill + + + + + a mill powered by running water + + water mill + + + + a site where mineral ores are extracted from the ground by excavating surface pits and subterranean passages + + mine(s) + + + + a mine where gold ore, or alluvial gold is extracted + + gold mine(s) + + + + + a mine where coal is extracted + + coal mine(s) + + + + a mine where chrome ore is extracted + + chrome mine(s) + + + + a mine where copper ore is extracted + + copper mine(s) + + + + a place where diatomaceous earth is extracted + + diatomite mine(s) + + + + a mine where iron ore is extracted + + iron mine(s) + + + + + a commemorative structure or statue + + monument + + + + a mine from which salt is extracted + + salt mine(s) + + + + a mine where nickel ore is extracted + + nickel mine(s) + + + + a mine where lead ore is extracted + + lead mine(s) + + + + a place where heavy metals are concentrated and running water is used to extract them from unconsolidated sediments + + placer mine(s) + + + + + abandoned mine + + + + a surface mine where building stone or gravel and sand, etc. are extracted + + quarry(-ies) + + + + a mine where tin ore is extracted + + tin mine(s) + + + + a massive structure of masonry or large stones serving as a pier or breakwater + + mole + + + + a building for public Islamic worship + + mosque + + + + a place characterized by dwellings, school, church, hospital and other facilities operated by a religious group for the purpose of providing charitable services and to propagate religion + + mission + + + + + abandoned mission + + + + a building and grounds where a community of monks lives in seclusion + + monastery + + + + + a building where objects of permanent interest in one or more of the arts and sciences are preserved and exhibited + + museum + + + + a religious house or school where novices are trained + + novitiate + + + + a place where plants are propagated for transplanting or grafting + + nursery(-ies) + + + + a wildlife or scenic observation point + + observation point + + + + a facility equipped for observation of atmospheric or space phenomena + + observatory + + + + a facility equipped with an array of antennae for receiving radio waves from space + + radio observatory + + + + a section of an oil pipeline where two or more pipes join together + + oil pipeline junction + + + + + abandoned oil well + + + + + a facility for converting crude oil into refined petroleum products + + oil refinery + + + + + a tract of land occupied by large, cylindrical, metal tanks in which oil or liquid petrochemicals are stored + + tank farm + + + + a well from which oil may be pumped + + oil well + + + + a large stately house, often a royal or presidential residence + + palace + + + + a tower-like storied structure, usually a Buddhist shrine + + pagoda + + + + a structure built out into navigable water on piles providing berthing for ships and recreation + + pier + + + + an area used for parking vehicles + + parking lot + + + + a facility for pumping oil through a pipeline + + oil pumping station + + + + a facility for pumping water from a major well or through a pipeline + + water pumping station + + + + a public building in which mail is received, sorted and distributed + + post office + + + + a building in which police are stationed + + police post + + + + + abandoned police post + + + + a controlled access to a park + + park gate + + + + a park administrative facility + + park headquarters + + + + a facility for confining prisoners + + prison + + + + a facility for confining, training, and reforming young law offenders + + reformatory + + + + + abandoned prison + + + + + a facility for generating electric power + + power station + + + + a building where electricity is generated from water power + + hydroelectric power station + + + + a post or station at an international boundary for the regulation of movement of people and goods + + border post + + + + a building at an international boundary where customs and duties are paid on goods + + customs post + + + + a post from which patrols are sent out + + patrol post + + + + an ancient massive structure of square ground plan with four triangular faces meeting at a point and used for enclosing tombs + + pyramid + + + + ancient massive structures of square ground plan with four triangular faces meeting at a point and used for enclosing tombs + + pyramids + + + + a structure of solid construction along a shore or bank which provides berthing for ships and which generally provides cargo handling facilities + + quay + + + + a recreation field where golf is played + + golf course + + + + a track where races are held + + racetrack + + + + a structure maintained for the rest and shelter of travelers + + resthouse + + + + a breeding place of a colony of birds or seals + + rookery + + + + an ancient site of significant religious importance + + religious site + + + + a place of temporary seclusion, especially for religious groups + + retreat + + + + a large farm specializing in extensive grazing of livestock + + ranch(es) + + + + a short track parallel to and joining the main track + + railroad siding + + + + a signal at the entrance of a particular section of track governing the movement of trains + + railroad signal + + + + a specialized facility for vacation, health, or participation sports activities + + resort + + + + a facility comprising ticket office, platforms, etc. for loading and unloading train passengers and freight + + railroad station + + + + + abandoned railroad station + + + + a place lacking station facilities where trains stop to pick up and unload passengers and freight + + railroad stop + + + + + abandoned railroad stop + + + + a destroyed or decayed structure which is no longer functional + + ruin(s) + + + + + building(s) where instruction in one or more branches of knowledge takes place + + school + + + + a school with a curriculum focused on agriculture + + agricultural school + + + + the grounds and buildings of an institution of higher learning + + college + + + + a school at which military science forms the core of the curriculum + + military school + + + + a school at which maritime sciences form the core of the curriculum + + maritime school + + + + a fence or wall enclosure for sheep and other small herd animals + + sheepfold + + + + a structure or place memorializing a person or religious concept + + shrine + + + + a building for storing goods, especially provisions + + storehouse + + + + + a conduit or passage for carrying off surplus water from a waterbody, usually regulated by means of a sluice gate + + sluice + + + + a facility where victims of physical or mental disorders are treated + + sanatorium + + + + a resort area usually developed around a medicinal spring + + spa + + + + a passage or outlet through which surplus water flows over, around or through a dam + + spillway + + + + + a broad, open, public area near the center of a town or city + + square + + + + + a building for the shelter and feeding of farm animals, especially horses + + stable + + + + a structure with an enclosure for athletic games with tiers of seats for spectators + + stadium + + + + a scientific facility used as a base from which research is carried out or monitored + + scientific research base + + + + a facility from which the coast is guarded by armed vessels + + coast guard station + + + + a facility for carrying out experiments + + experiment station + + + + a collection of buildings and facilities for carrying out forest management + + forest station + + + + a station at which vehicles, goods, and people are inspected + + inspection station + + + + a station at which weather elements are recorded + + meteorological station + + + + a facility for producing and transmitting information by radio waves + + radio station + + + + a facility for tracking and communicating with orbiting satellites + + satellite station + + + + a facility for butchering whales and processing train oil + + whaling station + + + + stones or slabs placed for ease in ascending or descending a steep slope + + steps + + + + a structure for interring bodies + + tomb(s) + + + + an edifice dedicated to religious worship + + temple(s) + + + + a small artificial pond used for immersing cattle in chemically treated water for disease control + + cattle dipping tank + + + + a high conspicuous structure, typically much higher than its diameter + + tower + + + + a point on the earth whose position has been determined by triangulation + + triangulation station + + + + a tank farm or loading facility at the end of an oil pipeline + + oil pipeline terminal + + + + An institution for higher learning with teaching and research facilities constituting a graduate school and professional schools that award master's degrees and doctorates and an undergraduate division that awards bachelor's degrees. + + university + + + + a facility operated by the United States Government in Panama + + united states government establishment + + + + a building or camp at which veterinary services are available + + veterinary facility + + + + + a thick masonry structure, usually enclosing a field or building, or forming the side of a structure + + wall + + + + the remains of a linear defensive stone structure + + ancient wall + + + + a small dam in a stream, designed to raise the water level or to divert stream flow through a desired channel + + weir(s) + + + + a structure of open rather than solid construction along a shore or a bank which provides berthing for ships and cargo-handling facilities + + wharf(-ves) + + + + + the site of the remains of a wrecked vessel + + wreck + + + + + a facility for supplying potable water through a water source and a system of pumps and filtration beds + + waterworks + + + + an area, usually a section of a port, where goods may be received and shipped free of customs duty and of most customs regulations + + free trade zone + + + + a zoological garden or park where wild animals are kept for exhibition + + zoo + + + + mountain, hill, rock, ... + + + + a small basin containing naturally occurring asphalt + + asphalt lake + + + + a ring-shaped coral reef which has closely spaced islands on it encircling a lagoon + + atoll(s) + + + + a shallow ridge or mound of coarse unconsolidated material in a stream channel, at the mouth of a stream, estuary, or lagoon and in the wave-break zone along coasts + + bar + + + + + a shore zone of coarse unconsolidated sediment that extends from the low-water line to the highest reach of storm waves + + beach + + + + a shore zone of coarse unconsolidated sediment that extends from the low-water line to the highest reach of storm waves + + beaches + + + + an area characterized by a maze of very closely spaced, deep, narrow, steep-sided ravines, and sharp crests and pinnacles + + badlands + + + + a high altitude or high latitude bare, flat area covered with large angular rocks + + boulder field + + + + a hole in coastal rock through which sea water is forced by a rising tide or waves and spurted through an outlet into the air + + blowhole(s) + + + + a small depression in sandy terrain, caused by wind erosion + + blowout(s) + + + + a long, narrow bedrock platform bounded by steeper slopes above and below, usually overlooking a waterbody + + bench + + + + a small, isolated, usually flat-topped hill with steep sides + + butte(s) + + + + a land area, more prominent than a point, projecting into the sea and marking a notable change in coastal direction + + cape + + + + a deep narrow slot, notch, or groove in a coastal cliff + + cleft(s) + + + + a depression measuring kilometers across formed by the collapse of a volcanic mountain + + caldera + + + + a high, steep to perpendicular slope overlooking a waterbody or lower area + + cliff(s) + + + + + a deep, narrow valley with steep sides cutting into a plateau or mountainous area + + canyon + + + + a conical landform composed of mud or volcanic material + + cone(s) + + + + + a strip or area of land having significance as an access way + + corridor + + + + a bowl-like hollow partially surrounded by cliffs or steep slopes at the head of a glaciated valley + + cirque + + + + bowl-like hollows partially surrounded by cliffs or steep slopes at the head of a glaciated valley + + cirques + + + + a generally circular saucer or bowl-shaped depression caused by volcanic or meteorite explosive action + + crater(s) + + + + an asymmetric ridge formed on tilted strata + + cuesta(s) + + + + + a flat plain formed by alluvial deposits at the mouth of a stream + + delta + + + + a low area surrounded by higher land and usually characterized by interior drainage + + depression(s) + + + + + a large area with little or no vegetation due to extreme environmental conditions + + desert + + + + a wave form, ridge or star shape feature composed of sand + + dune(s) + + + + a line separating adjacent drainage basins + + divide + + + + an extensive tract of shifting sand and sand dunes + + sandy desert + + + + a fan-shaped wedge of coarse alluvium with apex merging with a mountain stream bed and the fan spreading out at a low angle slope onto an adjacent plain + + fan(s) + + + + a shallow part of a stream which can be crossed on foot or by land vehicle + + ford + + + + a crack associated with volcanism + + fissure + + + + a low place in a ridge, not used for transportation + + gap + + + + a short, narrow, steep-sided section of a stream valley + + gorge(s) + + + + a high projection of land extending into a large body of water beyond the line of the coast + + headland + + + + + a rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m + + hill + + + + rounded elevations of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m + + hills + + + + a patch of ground, distinct from and slightly above the surrounding plain or wetland. Often occurs in groups + + hammock(s) + + + + a relatively sand-free, high bedrock plateau in a hot desert, with or without a gravel veneer + + rock desert + + + + a relatively undissected upland between adjacent stream valleys + + interfluve + + + + + a tract of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water + + island + + + + an island created by landfill or diking and filling in a wetland, bay, or lagoon + + artificial island + + + + a mangrove swamp surrounded by a waterbody + + mangrove island + + + + tracts of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water + + islands + + + + a coastal island connected to the mainland by barrier beaches, levees or dikes + + land-tied island + + + + + section of island + + + + a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land masses and bordered by water + + isthmus + + + + a distinctive landscape developed on soluble rock such as limestone characterized by sinkholes, caves, disappearing streams, and underground drainage + + karst area + + + + an area of solidified lava + + lava area + + + + a natural low embankment bordering a distributary or meandering stream; often built up artificially to control floods + + levee + + + + a flat-topped, isolated elevation with steep slopes on all sides, less extensive than a plateau + + mesa(s) + + + + a low, isolated, rounded hill + + mound(s) + + + + a mound, ridge, or other accumulation of glacial till + + moraine + + + + + an elevation standing high above the surrounding area with small summit area, steep slopes and local relief of 300m or more + + mountain + + + + a mountain range or a group of mountains or high ridges + + mountains + + + + a narrow strip of land between the two limbs of a meander loop at its narrowest point + + meander neck + + + + a rock or mountain peak protruding through glacial ice + + nunatak + + + + rocks or mountain peaks protruding through glacial ice + + nunataks + + + + a near-level shallow, natural depression or basin, usually containing an intermittent lake, pond, or pool + + pan + + + + a near-level shallow, natural depression or basin, usually containing an intermittent lake, pond, or pool + + pans + + + + a break in a mountain range or other high obstruction, used for transportation from one side to the other [See also gap] + + pass + + + + an elongate area of land projecting into a body of water and nearly surrounded by water + + peninsula + + + + + section of peninsula + + + + a pointed elevation atop a mountain, ridge, or other hypsographic feature + + peak + + + + pointed elevations atop a mountain, ridge, or other hypsographic features + + peaks + + + + an elevated plain with steep slopes on one or more sides, and often with incised streams + + plateau + + + + + section of plateau + + + + + an area reclaimed from the sea by diking and draining + + polder + + + + an extensive area of comparatively level to gently undulating land, lacking surface irregularities, and usually adjacent to a higher area + + plain(s) + + + + + section of plain + + + + a bluff or prominent hill overlooking or projecting into a lowland + + promontory(-ies) + + + + + a tapering piece of land projecting into a body of water, less prominent than a cape + + point + + + + tapering pieces of land projecting into a body of water, less prominent than a cape + + points + + + + a ridge of sand just inland and parallel to the beach, usually in series + + beach ridge + + + + a long narrow elevation with steep sides, and a more or less continuous crest + + ridge(s) + + + + a desert plain characterized by a surface veneer of gravel and stones + + stony desert + + + + a conspicuous, isolated rocky mass + + rock + + + + an irregular mass of fallen rock at the base of a cliff or steep slope + + rockfall + + + + conspicuous, isolated rocky masses + + rocks + + + + a tract of land covered with sand + + sand area + + + + a channel formerly containing the water of a stream + + dry stream bed + + + + a long line of cliffs or steep slopes separating level surfaces above and below + + escarpment + + + + a broad, open pass crossing a ridge or between hills or mountains + + saddle + + + + a narrow zone bordering a waterbody which covers and uncovers at high and low water, respectively + + shore + + + + a small crater-shape depression in a karst area + + sinkhole + + + + a mound of earth material, at the base of a slope and the associated scoured area + + slide + + + + a surface with a relatively uniform slope angle + + slope(s) + + + + a narrow, straight or curved continuation of a beach into a waterbody + + spit + + + + a subordinate ridge projecting outward from a hill, mountain or other elevation + + spur(s) + + + + a steep concave slope formed by an accumulation of loose rock fragments at the base of a cliff or steep slope + + talus slope + + + + a long wind-swept trough between parallel longitudinal dunes + + interdune trough(s) + + + + a long, narrow alluvial platform bounded by steeper slopes above and below, usually overlooking a waterbody + + terrace + + + + an extensive interior region of high land with low to moderate surface relief + + upland + + + + + an elongated depression usually traversed by a stream + + valley + + + + a valley the floor of which is notably higher than the valley or shore to which it leads; most common in areas that have been glaciated + + hanging valley + + + + elongated depressions usually traversed by a stream + + valleys + + + + + section of valley + + + + + a conical elevation composed of volcanic materials with a crater at the top + + volcano + + + + undersea + + + + a gentle slope, with a generally smooth surface, particularly found around groups of islands and seamounts + + apron + + + + a low bulge around the southeastern end of the island of Hawaii + + arch + + + + an area of subdued corrugations off Baja California + + arrugado + + + + a region adjacent to a continent, normally occupied by or bordering a shelf, that is highly irregular with depths well in excess of those typical of a shelf + + borderland + + + + elevations, typically located on a shelf, over which the depth of water is relatively shallow but sufficient for safe surface navigation + + banks + + + + a small terrace + + bench + + + + an elevation, typically located on a shelf, over which the depth of water is relatively shallow but sufficient for safe surface navigation + + bank + + + + a depression more or less equidimensional in plan and of variable extent + + basin + + + + an entire mountain system including the subordinate ranges, interior plateaus, and basins + + cordillera + + + + relatively narrow, deep depressions with steep sides, the bottom of which generally has a continuous slope + + canyons + + + + a relatively narrow, deep depression with steep sides, the bottom of which generally has a continuous slope + + canyon + + + + a gentle slope rising from oceanic depths towards the foot of a continental slope + + continental rise + + + + a localized deep area within the confines of a larger feature, such as a trough, basin or trench + + deep + + + + a line along which there is a marked increase of slope at the outer margin of a continental shelf or island shelf + + shelf edge + + + + an elongated and comparatively steep slope separating flat or gently sloping areas + + escarpment (or scarp) + + + + a relatively smooth feature normally sloping away from the lower termination of a canyon or canyon system + + fan + + + + a small level or nearly level area + + flat + + + + a branch of a canyon or valley + + fork + + + + a branch of a canyon or valley + + forks + + + + an extensive linear zone of irregular topography of the sea floor, characterized by steep-sided or asymmetrical ridges, troughs, or escarpments + + fracture zone + + + + a closed, linear, narrow, shallow depression + + furrow + + + + a narrow break in a ridge or rise + + gap + + + + a small valley-like feature + + gully + + + + an elevation rising generally less than 500 meters + + hill + + + + elevations rising generally less than 500 meters + + hills + + + + a small depression of the sea floor + + hole + + + + an elevation rising generally more than 500 meters and less than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summit + + knoll + + + + elevations rising generally more than 500 meters and less than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summits + + knolls + + + + a rocky projection or outcrop, commonly linear and near shore + + ledge + + + + an embankment bordering a canyon, valley, or seachannel + + levee + + + + the axial depression of the mid-oceanic ridge system + + median valley + + + + an isolated, extensive, flat-topped elevation on the shelf, with relatively steep sides + + mesa + + + + a low, isolated, rounded hill + + mound + + + + an annular depression that may not be continuous, located at the base of many seamounts, islands, and other isolated elevations + + moat + + + + well-delineated subdivisions of a large and complex positive feature + + mountains + + + + a well-delineated subdivision of a large and complex positive feature + + mountain + + + + prominent elevations, part of a larger feature, either pointed or of very limited extent across the summit + + peaks + + + + a prominent elevation, part of a larger feature, either pointed or of very limited extent across the summit + + peak + + + + a flat or gently sloping underwater surface extending seaward from the shore + + platform + + + + a flat, gently sloping or nearly level region + + plain + + + + a comparatively flat-topped feature of considerable extent, dropping off abruptly on one or more sides + + plateau + + + + a high tower or spire-shaped pillar of rock or coral, alone or cresting a summit + + pinnacle + + + + a region identifiable by a group of similar physiographic features whose characteristics are markedly in contrast with surrounding areas + + province + + + + a small canyon + + ravine + + + + a long narrow elevation with steep sides + + ridge + + + + long narrow elevations with steep sides + + ridges + + + + surface-navigation hazards composed of consolidated material + + reefs + + + + a surface-navigation hazard composed of consolidated material + + reef + + + + a broad elevation that rises gently, and generally smoothly, from the sea floor + + rise + + + + a gentle slope connecting areas of different elevations + + ramp + + + + a series of associated ridges or seamounts + + range + + + + a continuously sloping, elongated depression commonly found in fans or plains and customarily bordered by levees on one or two sides + + seachannel + + + + continuously sloping, elongated depressions commonly found in fans or plains and customarily bordered by levees on one or two sides + + seachannels + + + + a low part, resembling in shape a saddle, in a ridge or between contiguous seamounts + + saddle + + + + a zone adjacent to a continent (or around an island) that extends from the low water line to a depth at which there is usually a marked increase of slope towards oceanic depths + + shelf + + + + a surface-navigation hazard composed of unconsolidated material + + shoal + + + + hazards to surface navigation composed of unconsolidated material + + shoals + + + + a valley on the shelf, generally the shoreward extension of a canyon + + shelf valley + + + + the low part of a gap or saddle separating basins + + sill + + + + the slope seaward from the shelf edge to the beginning of a continental rise or the point where there is a general reduction in slope + + slope + + + + elevations rising generally more than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summit + + seamounts + + + + an elevation rising generally more than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summit + + seamount + + + + a subordinate elevation, ridge, or rise projecting outward from a larger feature + + spur + + + + a relatively flat horizontal or gently inclined surface, sometimes long and narrow, which is bounded by a steeper ascending slope on one side and by a steep descending slope on the opposite side + + terrace + + + + seamounts having a comparatively smooth, flat top + + tablemounts (or guyots) + + + + a seamount having a comparatively smooth, flat top + + tablemount (or guyot) + + + + an elongate (tongue-like) extension of a flat sea floor into an adjacent higher feature + + tongue + + + + a long depression of the sea floor characteristically flat bottomed and steep sided, and normally shallower than a trench + + trough + + + + a long, narrow, characteristically very deep and asymmetrical depression of the sea floor, with relatively steep sides + + trench + + + + a relatively shallow, wide depression, the bottom of which usually has a continuous gradient + + valley + + + + a relatively shallow, wide depression, the bottom of which usually has a continuous gradient + + valleys + + + + forest, heath, ... + + + + a small clump of conspicuous bushes in an otherwise bare area + + bush(es) + + + + an area under cultivation + + cultivated area + + + + an area dominated by tree vegetation + + forest(s) + + + + a forest fossilized by geologic processes and now exposed at the earth's surface + + fossilized forest + + + + + an area dominated by grass vegetation + + grassland + + + + a planting of coconut trees + + coconut grove + + + + a planting of olive trees + + olive grove + + + + a planting of palm trees + + palm grove + + + + a planting of pine trees + + pine grove + + + + an upland moor or sandy area dominated by low shrubby vegetation including heather + + heath + + + + + a small, poorly drained area dominated by grassy vegetation + + meadow + + + + a planting of fruit or nut trees + + orchard(s) + + + + an area of low trees, bushes, and shrubs stunted by some environmental limitation + + scrubland + + + + a conspicuous tree used as a landmark + + tree(s) + + + + + a marshy, treeless, high latitude plain, dominated by mosses, lichens, and low shrub vegetation under permafrost conditions + + tundra + + + + a planting of grapevines + + vineyard + + + + plantings of grapevines + + vineyards + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +