Examples are articles published in the journals, Nature and Science. The content can often be cited by reference to a paper based encoding, e.g. Authors, Title of article, Journal name, date or year of publication, volume and page number. OBI_0000159 a report that is published in a journal group:OBI journal article person:Alan Ruttenberg person:Chris Stoeckert A specific academic journal article Written by scholars for other scholars, typically published in an academic journal with an abstract and bibliography http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A scholarly academic article, typically published in a journal. stable A specific journal article A written composition in prose, usually nonfiction, on a specific topic, forming an independent part of a periodical or book Short Definition modified from the bibo ontology. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A written composition in prose, usually nonfiction, on a specific topic, forming an independent part of a book or other publication, as a newspaper or magazine. Recorded audio in any format http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ phonograph record; tape; CD; DVD; DAT stable An audio document; aka record. Audiovisual recording in any format film; video; Blu-ray http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ An audio-visual document; film, video, and so forth. stable Draft legislation presented for discussion to a legal body Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable Draft legislation presented for discussion to a legal body. A written or printed work of fiction or nonfiction, usually on sheets of paper fastened or bound together within covers Short Definition copied from bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A written or printed work of fiction or nonfiction, usually on sheets of paper fastened or bound together within covers. stable A section of a book Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ unstable A section of a book. A document stating the facts and points of law of a client's case http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ unstable A written argument submitted to a court. A main division of a book http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A chapter of a book. unstable A work consisting of texts of rules and regulations related to statutes issued by executive or administrative agencies Code of Federal Regulations Short Definition from OCLC Input Standards, EntW http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A collection of statutes. stable Short Definition is the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) definition Work consisting of collections of previously published works http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A document that simultaneously contains other documents. Collection of information resources that have a unified identity Collection of information resources that have a unified identity. Archives, museums and libraries often acquire collections on specific subjects and from distinguished authors or researchers. Also includes collections of resources bundled into a license. Hill Ornithology Collection; Wiley Interscience Online Books Biochemisty Collection http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A collection of Documents or Collections 2010 International Congress on Autoimmunity; American Libraries Association 2009 A meeting for consultation or discussion. core:Seminar and bibo:Conference are very similar. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A meeting for consultation or discussion. stable Collection of legal cases Supreme Court Reporter http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A collection of legal cases. A bounded physical representation of a body of information designed with the capacity (and usually intent) to communicate Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole A document (noun) is a bounded physical representation of body of information designed with the capacity (and usually intent) to communicate. A document may manifest symbolic, diagrammatic or sensory-representational information. A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book PERSON: Lawrence Hunter document A distinct part of a larger document or collected document Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ a distinct part of a larger document or collected document. unstable An edited collection of stand-alone articles published as a book Best American Science Writing 2009 http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable An edited book. A passage selected from a larger work Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A passage selected from a larger work. Audiovisual recording in film format http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ aka movie. stable An instance or a session in which testimony and arguments are presented, esp. before an official, as a judge in a lawsuit. Definiton from Bibo here: http://bibotools.googlecode.com/svn/bibo-ontology/trunk/doc/index.html http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ An instance or a session in which testimony and arguments are presented, esp. before an official, as a judge in a lawsuit. stable A visual representation such as a photograph or graph http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ photograph; diagram A document that presents visual or diagrammatic information. stable A conversation between two or more people where questions are asked by the interviewer to obtain information from the interviewee. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ radio or newspaper interview A formalized discussion between two or more people. stable Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ something that is printed or published and distributed, esp. a given number of a periodical something that is printed or published and distributed, esp. a given number of a periodical stable Articles usually contain abstracts and bibliographies. Includes peer-reviewed, non-peer-reviewed, and open access journals. Journals are usually indexed in the major academic databases such as PubMed and Web of Science. Contains original scholarly research or review articles by experts in the field Journal of Information Science; IEEE Intelligent System; Scientometrics http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A periodical of scholarly journal Articles. Official court papers for a case http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A document accompanying a legal case. unstable The written determination of a case, motion or claim by a court or tribunal http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ unstable A document containing an authoritative determination (as a decree or judgment) made after consideration of facts or law. a document that states some contractual relationship or grants some right http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A legal document; for example, a court decision, a brief, and so forth. stable Enactments of legislative bodies, published in either statute or code form From OCLC Input Standards, EntW http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A legal document proposing or enacting a law or a group of laws. unstable A written or printed communication addressed to a person or organization and usually transmitted by mail A written or printed communication addressed to a person or organization and usually transmitted by mail Abstracts and bibliographies are usually not included in magazines. Contains articles of current events or general interest, geared to the reading public as being informative or recreational New Yorker http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A periodical of magazine Articles. A magazine is a publication that is issued periodically, usually bound in a paper cover, and typically contains essays, stories, poems, etc., by many writers, and often photographs and drawings, frequently specializing in a particular subject or area, as hobbies, news, or sports. stable A book of instructions or guide to a specific topic SDB User Manual http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A small reference book, especially one giving instructions. unstable Short Definition is the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) definition Works prepared by hand including handwritten or typescript drafts of pre-publication papers or works not otherwise reproduced in multiple copies http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ An unpublished Document, which may also be submitted to a publisher for publication. stable A graphical depiction of geographic features, scientific discipline, scientific data analytical results The Short Definition is how the bibo ontology defines Map. It has been extended to include more broader concept of map which includes science maps, social network maps. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A graphical depiction of geographic features. unstable Contains news articles, opinions, features, advertising, and is usually issued daily or weekly USA Today http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A periodical of documents, usually issued daily or weekly, containing current news, editorials, feature articles, and usually advertising. Notes or annotations about a resource Short Definition from bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable Notes or annotations about a resource. (from BIBO) A document describing the exclusive right granted by a government to an inventor to manufacture, use, or sell an invention for a certain number of years A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention, which is a product or a process that provides, in general, a new way of doing something, or offers a new technical solution to a problem. In order to be patentable, the invention must fulfill certain conditions. (http://www.wipo.int/patentscope/en/) http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A document describing the exclusive right granted by a government to an inventor to manufacture, use, or sell an invention for a certain number of years. Something carried out, acted or rendered. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ unstable A public performance. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A group of related documents issued at regular intervals. A personal communication manifested in some document. A personal communication manifested in some document. A compilation of documents published from an event, such as a conference Short Definition copied from bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ unstable A compilation of documents published from an event, such as a conference. An excerpted collection of words Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ An excerpted collection of words. stable A document that presents authoritative reference information, such as a dictionary or encylopedia Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ unstable A document that presents authoritative reference information, such as a dictionary or encylopedia . A document describing an account or statement describing in detail an event, situation, or the like, usually as the result of observation, inquiry, etc. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) definition of Technical Report: Work consisting of a formal report giving details of the investigation and results of a medical or other scientific problem. When issued by a government agency or comparable official body, its contents may be classified, unclassified, or declassified with regard to security clearance. This publication type may also cover a scientific paper or article that records the current state or current position of scientific research and development. If so labeled by the editor or publisher, this publication type may be properly used for journal articles. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ stable A document describing an account or statement describing in detail an event, situation, or the like, usually as the result of observation, inquiry, etc.. A thematic collection of documents, usually books, issued at regular or irregular intervals Methods in Molecular Biology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A loose, thematic, collection of Documents, often Books. stable A slide in a slideshow Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A slide in a slideshow unstable A presentation of a series of slides, usually presented in front of an audience with written text and images Short Definition from the bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A presentation of a series of slides, usually presented in front of an audience with written text and images. stable A specification giving a precise statement of a process or a service requirement, often sanctioned by a nation or industry Short Definition from OCLC Input Standards, EntW http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A document describing a standard stable A bill enacted into law Short Definition from bibo ontology http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A bill enacted into law. stable Short Definition from OCLC Input Standards, EntW Works created to satisfy the requirements for an academic certification or degree; also called dissertation http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A document created to summarize research findings associated with the completion of an academic degree. stable One section of a website that appears at a unique address within the parent site's address or URL on the World Wide Web http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A web page is an online document available (at least initially) on the world wide web. A web page is written first and foremost to appear on the web, as distinct from other online resources such as books, manuscripts or audio documents which use the web primarily as a distribution mechanism alongside other more traditional methods such as print. unstable A group of webpages available within a specific parent address or URL on the World Wide Web Facebook; VIVOweb.org; Flickr http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A group of Webpages accessible on the Web. unstable Bibo Definition: A seminar, discussion group, or the like, that emphasizes exchange of ideas and the demonstration and application of techniques, skills, etc. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ A seminar, discussion group, or the like, that emphasizes zxchange of ideas and the demonstration and application of techniques, skills, etc. stable A source of information about bibliographic citations, such as Google Scholar, Web of Science or Scopus. The number of times a work has been cited globally, as determined from a particular bibliographic information source on a particular date. A recommendation on the appropriate treatment and care of people with a specific disease or condition, based on the best available evidence, designed to help healthcare professionals in their work. A recommendation on the appropriate treatment and care of people with a specific disease or condition, based on the best available evidence, designed to help healthcare professionals in their work. A verbal or written remark concerning some entity. In written form, a comment is often appended to that entity and termed an annotation. Within computer programs or ontologies, comments are added to enhance human understanding, and are usually prefaced by A verbal or written remark concerning some entity. In written form, a comment is often appended to that entity and termed an annotation. Within computer programs or ontologies, comments are added to enhance human understanding, and are usually prefaced by a special syntactic symbol that ensures they are ignored during execution of the program. has super-classes A formal correction to an error introduced by the publisher into a previously published document. A formal correction to an error introduced by the publisher into a previously published document. Authorship of journal articles, books and other original works is a means by which academics communicate the results of their scholarly work, establish priority for their discoveries, and build their reputation among their peers. This class allows for linking an author to a publication while indicating information about that author's authorship. Contains the authors name, their rank in the publication, and whether or not they are a corresponding author on the publication. Currently any abstract name is given to members of this class. This could change in the future. Blog is short for weblog. Library of Congress Blog Regularly updated online journal or newsletter by one or more writers, called bloggers, containing articles and commentary of interest to the blogger A specific blog posting An online article or commentary appearing on a blog A form of qualitative descriptive research that is used to study individuals, a small group of participants, or a group as a whole. Medical usage (from MeSH): clinical presentations that may be followed by evaluative studies that eventually lead to a diagnosis. A qualitative descriptive research study of individuals or a group A list of items in a collection; an ordered compilation of item descriptions and sufficient information to afford access to them NLM Catalog Short Definition is the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) definition A paper presented at a conference; optionally collected into a Proceedings or a special Journal issue The digital file (or physical equivalent), if available after the conference, vs. the act of attending/presenting: use ConferencePresentation for information about date/time/location/name of the event where the poster was presented A structured file of information or a set of logically related data stored and retrieved using computer-based means PubMed Short Definition is the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) definition An ongoing editorial responsibility for a bibo:Collection, such as a Journal or Series An ongoing editorial responsibility for a bibo:Collection, such as a Journal or Series An article of opinion, typically published in a newspaper. For academics, most commonly Op Ed pieces A short written piece focused on an event or announcement of note, having a defined publication time and of less enduring interest than a news feature. The Ornithological Newsletter Usually issued periodically, prepared by or for a group or institution to present information to a specific audience, often also made available to the press and public A role of peer reviewing is a generic term for a process of self-regulation by a profession or a process of evaluation involving qualified individuals within the relevant field. Peer review methods are employed to maintain standards, improve performance and provide credibility. In academia the term is often used to denote a prepublication review of academic papers; reviewing an academic paper is often called refereeing. Contents [hide] A proposal for a research grant that has been submitted but not approved; does not represent an existing activity An article reviewing one or more other information resources (a book, one or more other articles, movies, etc) A role that encompasses both ongoing reviewer responsibility for a bibo:Collection, such as a Journal or Series, and also a review performed for a bibo:Document, such as a book, academic article or conference paper. A role that encompasses both ongoing reviewer responsibility for a bibo:Collection, such as a Journal or Series, and also a review performed for a bibo:Document, such as a book, academic article or conference paper. Written musical composition for voice or instruments or both Written script for a film production, including dialogue and descriptions of gestures, actions, shooting directions Text of a speech written in preparation for delivery of the speech. The result of rendering a work from one language to another Audiovisual recording in video format A document created as a basis for discussion or a very early draft of a formal paper Accepted for publication after peer reviewing  Peer review is the process by which articles are chosen to be included in a refereed journal. An editorial board consisting of experts in the same field as the author review the article and decide if it is authoritative enough for publication. Published document Document to be published An abstract that is published as a standalone document or in a journal of abstracts